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Rubber constant elongation stress, as one of the core indicators of the mechanical properties of rubber materials, refers to the force on the unit cross-sectional area of a rubber specimen when the specimen reaches a preset length change (e.g., 100 per cent, 200 per cent, 300 per cent, 500 per cent, etc. of the original length) in a tensile test. This parameter visually reflects the ability of rubber materials to resist deformation under tensile stress, and is an important basis for assessing the strength and toughness of rubber materials. The procedure for testing the constant tensile stress of rubber is rigorous and scientific. Firstly, a specimen of standard size and thickness is cut from the rubber material to be tested. Then, using a specialised tensile strength tester, the specimen is clamped between the upper and lower fixtures, ensuring that the long side of the specimen is in the same direction as the applied force. Next, the fixture spacing is adjusted and the tester is activated to perform the tensile test on the specimen. When the elongation of the specimen reaches a preset value (e.g. 300%), the value of the tensile force at this point is recorded. Finally, the test results are substituted into the relevant formulae to calculate the constant tensile stress of the specimen at the preset elongation. The unit of constant elongation stress of rubber is usually Pascal (Pa) or MPa (MPa), and in practical application, it is also commonly used to express kg force/cm2. It is worth noting that the size of the rubber fixed tensile stress has nothing to do with the size and shape of the specimen, but only with the nature of the material. Therefore, it becomes one of the important criteria for measuring the mechanical properties of rubber materials.
